What does the C-Factor's numerical value represent?

The numerical value of the C-Factor represents the relative smoothness of a pipe. This factor is integral in calculating the head loss due to friction in a water distribution system. A higher C-Factor value indicates a smoother pipe surface, which results in less friction and therefore lower energy loss as water flows through the pipe. Conversely, a lower C-Factor value reflects a rougher surface that increases friction and energy loss.

This concept is crucial for operators, as it directly impacts the efficiency of pumping systems and overall water delivery effectiveness. Selecting the appropriate C-Factor based on the materials and condition of the pipes allows for more accurate assessments of flow rates and energy costs in water systems.