What are the two main components of a solution?

A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed primarily of two key components: the solvent and the solute. The solvent is the substance that dissolves the solute, and it is typically present in the greatest amount. In contrast, the solute is the substance that is dissolved in the solvent, and it is present in a smaller amount.

This relationship is fundamental in understanding how solutions behave, as the properties of the solution depend significantly on the nature and concentration of both components. For instance, in a saltwater solution, water acts as the solvent, and the salt is the solute.

Understanding the distinction between these roles is essential for various applications in water treatment, chemistry, and environmental science, as it influences factors like solubility, concentration, and the chemical behavior of the mixture. Recognizing this terminology will aid in grasping more complex concepts related to solutions in the field of drinking water operations and treatment processes.